Cleaning Up The Tax Mess PBS Video
Posted March 16, 2012 by Stuart Rohatiner, CPA, JDCategories: Law, Questions & Answers, Tax, Tax Code
Tags: elliot spitzer, fix tax code, fix us tax code, pbs video tax mess, Tax Code, us tax mess
February 2012 Business Due Date Reminders
Posted February 19, 2012 by Stuart Rohatiner, CPA, JDCategories: 2011 Taxes, Accounting, Corporate Taxes, Financial Reporting, Law, Tax, Tax Calendar
Tags: Due Date, Filing (legal), IRS, IRS tax forms, Payment
February 28 – Payers of Gambling Winnings
File Form 1096, Annual Summary and Transmittal of U.S. Information Returns, along with Copy A of all the Forms W-2G you issued for 2011. If you file Forms W-2G electronically, your due date for filing them with the IRS will be extended to April 2. The due date for giving the recipient these forms was January 31.
February 28 – Informational Returns Filing Due
File information returns (Form 1099) and transmittal Forms 1096 for certain payments you made during 2011. There are different forms for different types of payments. These are government filing copies for the 1099s issued to service providers and others (see January 31).
If you file Forms 1098, 1099, or W-2G electronically, your due date for filing them with the IRS will be extended to April 2. The due date for giving the recipient these forms was January 31.
February 29 – All Employers
File Form W-3, Transmittal of Wage and Tax Statements, along with Copy A of all the Forms W-2 you issued for 2011. If you file Forms W-2 electronically, your due date for filing them with the SSA will be extended to April 2. The due date for giving the recipient these forms was January 31.
February 29 – Large Food and Beverage Establishment Employers
File Form 8027, Employer’s Annual Information Return of Tip Income and Allocated Tips. Use Form 8027-T, Transmittal of Employer’s Annual Information Return of Tip Income and Allocated Tips, to summarize and transmit Forms 8027 if you have more than one establishment. If you file Forms 8027 electronically, your due date for filing them with the IRS will be extended to April 2.
Don’t be Scammed by Tax Season Cyber Criminals
Posted February 19, 2012 by Stuart Rohatiner, CPA, JDCategories: Uncategorized
Tags: Confidence trick, Identity theft, Internal Revenue Service, IRS, Personally identifiable information, Phish, Social Security number, Stuart Rohatiner CPA JD Miami Beach accountant, Tax
Now that tax season is upon us, so are the e-mail scammers pretending to be the IRS. Most of these scams fraudulently use the IRS name, logo, and/or website header as a lure to make the communication appear more authentic and enticing. They lead you to believe you had a refund of some sort coming and request personal information. The goal of these scams, known as phishing, is to trick you into revealing your personal and financial information. The scammers can then use your information¾like your Social Security number, bank account, or credit card numbers to commit identity theft or steal your money.
DON’T BE A VICTIM – THE IRS DOES NOT INITIATE E-MAIL CORRESPONDENCE
The Internal Revenue Service receives thousands of reports each year from taxpayers who receive suspicious e-mails, phone calls, faxes, or notices claiming to be from the IRS. If you find something suspicious, you should immediately call this office before responding. In fact, it is a good policy to check with this office before responding to any inquiry from the IRS or state or local tax agencies.
Here are some tips you should know about phishing scams.
1. The IRS never asks for detailed personal and financial information like PIN numbers, passwords, or similar secret access information for credit card, bank, or other financial accounts.
2. The IRS does not initiate contact with taxpayers by e-mail to request personal or financial information. If you receive an e-mail from someone claiming to be a representative of the IRS or directing you to an IRS site:
• Do not reply to the message.
• Do not open any attachments. Attachments may contain malicious code that will infect your computer.
• Do not click on any links. If you clicked on links in a suspicious e-mail or phishing website and entered confidential information, you may have compromised your financial information. If you entered your credit card number, contact the credit card company for guidance. If you entered your banking information, contact the bank for the appropriate steps to take. The IRS website provides additional resources that can help. Visit the IRS website and enter the search term “identity theft” for additional information.
3. The address of the official IRS website is www.irs.gov. Do not be confused or misled by sites claiming to be the IRS but ending in .com, .net, .org or other designations instead of .gov. If you discover a website that claims to be the IRS but you suspect it is bogus, do not provide any personal information on the suspicious site.
4. If you receive a phone call, fax, or letter in the mail from an individual claiming to be from the IRS but you suspect he or she is not an IRS employee, contact the IRS at 1-800-829-1040 to determine if the IRS has a legitimate need to contact you. Report any bogus correspondence. You can forward a suspicious e-mail to phishing@irs.gov.
If you have any questions or doubts related to a letter, phone call, or e-mail from the IRS or other taxing authorities, please call this office before responding or providing any financial or personal information. Better safe than sorry!
Those Gold Sales May Be Taxable
Posted February 19, 2012 by Stuart Rohatiner, CPA, JDCategories: 2010 Taxes, Accounting, Compliance, Tax
Tags: Cost basis, fair market value, Internal Revenue Service, IRS, Stuart Rohatiner, Stuart Rohatiner CPA JD Miami Beach accountant, Tax, Tax basis, Tax bracket, Tax rate
If you took advantage of the escalating gold and silver prices and made any sales of gold, silver, gems, jewelry, or the like during 2011, you are required to report the sales on your tax return. Whether or not the sales are subject to tax, and at what tax rate, depends upon the type of item sold and your tax basis for the item.
Determining Basis—Generally, your tax basis is what you originally paid for the item, assuming that you can recall the amount. It may be difficult to remember how much you paid for an item; however, if the cost was significant, you hopefully have documentation that can verify the price. Without documentation, you are at the mercy of the IRS should you be audited! Even more complicated is determining the value of an item acquired as a gift. Your tax basis for a gift generally is the same basis as it was for the item in the hands of the individual who gave you the gift. Meanwhile, the basis for an item acquired by inheritance is generally the fair market valueof the item on the date of the inheritance. As you can see, simply determining the basis for the items that you sold can be complicated.
Types of Items Sold—Not all items are taxed the same. The percentage depends on whether the item was held for personal use or for investment purposes and whether or not the item is classified as a collectible. A higher maximum tax rate applies to collectibles than to other capital assets.
- Jewelry—Generally, jewelry that is held for personal use is excluded from the definition of collectibles and is taxed the same as any other personal use property. Losses are thus not allowed, and gains are taxed as either short-term or long-term capital gains. For the most part, jewelry that an individual may choose to sell will have been owned for over a year, and the gain will be taxed at the long-term rate, which, for 2011, is a maximum of 15% (0% to the extent that the taxpayer is in the 15% regular tax bracket or lower). Beware, however, as some jewelry may include gold or silver coins that are considered collectible items and thus may be taxed at a higher rate, as explained below.
- Collectibles—Gold and silver coins and bullion are included on the IRS’s list of collectibles. Unlike jewelry, the sale of “collectibles” can result in either a taxable loss or a taxable gain. In addition, collectible gains are taxed at a maximum rate of 28%, as opposed to a maximum of 15% for other capital assets that are held long-term. The maximum rate does not imply that all collectible gains are taxed at 28%. A taxpayer in a lesser tax bracket will be taxed at that lesser rate.
Schedule Cs in the IRS’ Bull’s-eye
Posted February 19, 2012 by Stuart Rohatiner, CPA, JDCategories: 2010 Taxes, Accounting, Professionals, Small Business, Tax
Tags: Expense, IRS, IRS tax forms, Itemized deduction, S corporation, schedule c, Stuart Rohatiner CPA JD Miami Beach accountant
Schedule C is the form that unincorporated sole proprietor businesses use to report their income and expenses as part of their individual tax returns. Schedule Cs have been center stage in recent IRS “tax gap” estimates.
The tax gap is defined as the amount of tax liability faced by taxpayers that is not paid on time. This past January they released the tax gap figures for 2006. You might say that 2006 was quite a ways back, but you have to remember returns are filed in the subsequent year and then the information must be compiled and analyzed. Thus, most Treasury reports based on filed tax returns are based on information from several years back.
The 2006 report essentially mirrors the 2001 report, except the tax gap has increased from $345 billion to $450 billion. Of that $450 billion, approximately $372 billion is attributed to underreporting in the following categories:
- Non-business underreporting 73
- Schedule C underreporting 193
- Overstated deductions, exemptions & credits 42
- Payroll taxes 20
- Corporate income tax 39
- Estate tax 5
Since Schedule C underreporting represents the largest category, and over half of the underreporting, it is no wonder that the audit rate for Schedule C returns has increased substantially and is among the highest of the rates. Based on 2010 IRS figures, Schedule Cs have a 300% higher chance of being audited than either a partnership or an S-Corporation. Of the Schedule Cs audited in 2010, the average adjustment exceeded $9,000.
Among the areas of underreporting are:
• Personal Expenses – Over-deductions attributable to the inclusion of non-deductible personal expenses and the failure to allocate for personal use of a vehicle.
• Underreporting Income – Failure to include all income. To counter this problem, the IRS has initiated merchant card and third-party reporting that will provide the IRS with all income from credit card sales.
• Worker Misclassification Misclassifying workers as independent contractors instead of treating them as W-2 employees, and thereby avoiding the employer’s share of payroll, unemployment, and other taxes. The IRS currently has a Voluntary Classification Settlement Program in effect that allows eligible taxpayers to voluntarily reclassify their workers for federal employment tax purposes. Voluntary programs usually precede more aggressive compliance measures.
• Failing to Issue Information Returns – Generally, businesses are required to issue 1099s for fees they pay to individuals other than employees or to corporations. This is a huge area of non-compliance and denies the IRS the ability to ensure the payees are properly reporting their income. In an audit where a 1099 should have been issued and was not, the IRS will generally disallow the deduction for those services. The 2011 Schedule C asks two catch-22 questions: “Did you make payments that would require you to file a Form 1099?” followed by “If yes, did you or will you file all required Forms 1099?”
• Hobby Losses – Some businesses are actually hobbies where there is no real intention of ever making a profit. Businesses deemed to be hobbies have special rules that limit the expense deductions to the income and require the deductions to be taken as an itemized deduction on Schedule A. Watch for a future article on hobby losses that will appear in my blog.
New Reporting Requirement for Individuals with Foreign Financial Assets
Posted February 19, 2012 by Stuart Rohatiner, CPA, JDCategories: 2010 Taxes, Compliance, Finance, Financial News, Financial Reporting, International Tax, Investments, Law, Tax
Tags: Asset, Finance, foreign financial assets, Foreign Investments, Internal Revenue Service, IRS, reporting requirement, Stuart Rohatiner CPA JD Miami Beach accountant, Tax, Tax return (United States)
New for 2011 is a requirement for any individual who, during the tax year, holds any interest in a “specified foreign financial asset” to complete and attach Form 8938 to his or her income tax return if a reporting threshold is met. The reporting threshold varies depending on whether the individual lives in the U.S. and files a joint return with his or her spouse. For example, someone who is not married and doesn’t live abroad will need to file Form 8938 for 2011 if the total value of his or her specified foreign financial assets was more than $50,000 as of December 31, 2011, or more than $75,000 at any time during 2011. For married taxpayers filing a joint return and living in the U.S., the threshold amounts are doubled. The thresholds also are higher for taxpayers residing abroad.
Specified foreign financial assets include financial accounts maintained by foreign financial institutions and other investment assets not held in accounts maintained by financial institutions, such as stock or securities issued by non-U.S. persons, financial instruments or contracts with issuers or counterparties that are non-U.S. persons, and interests in certain foreign entities. However, no disclosure is required for interests that are held in a custodial account with a U.S. financial institution.
The penalty for failing to report specified foreign financial assets for a tax year is $10,000. However, if this failure continues for more than 90 days after the day on which the IRS mails notice of the failure to the individual, additional penalties of $10,000 for each 30-day period (or fraction of the 30-day period) during which the failure continues after the expiration of the 90-day period, with a maximum penalty of $50,000.
To the extent the IRS determines that the individual has an interest in one or more foreign financial assets but he or she doesn’t provide enough information to enable the IRS to determine the aggregate value of those assets, the aggregate value of those assets will be presumed to have exceeded $50,000 (or other applicable reporting threshold amount) for purposes of assessing the penalty.
No penalty will be imposed if the failure to file the 8938 is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect. The fact that a foreign jurisdiction would impose a civil or criminal penalty on the taxpayer (or any other person) for disclosing the required information isn’t reasonable cause.
In addition, if it is shown that the individual failed to report the income from the foreign financial account on his or her income tax return, a 40% accuracy-related penalty is imposed for underpayment of tax that is attributable to an undisclosed foreign financial asset.
If you have questions related to this issue or are uncertain if you are required to file Form 8938, please give this office a call to discuss your particular situation.
For Form 8938 and instructions from Stuart Rohatiner, CPA, JD click here
Need additional information about this article? Please contact my office at 305-868-3600 ext 3105
New Voluntary Worker Classification Settlement Program
Posted January 22, 2012 by Stuart Rohatiner, CPA, JDCategories: Accounting, Compliance, Corporate Taxes, Law, Questions & Answers, Tax
Tags: IRS voluntary worker classification settlement program, IRS worker programs
The Internal Revenue Service has launched a new program that will enable many employers to resolve past worker classification issues and achieve certainty under the tax law at a low cost by voluntarily reclassifying their workers.
This new program will allow employers the opportunity to get into compliance by making a minimal payment covering past payroll tax obligations rather than waiting for an IRS audit.
This is part of a larger “Fresh Start” initiative at the IRS to help taxpayers and businesses address their tax responsibilities.
The new Voluntary Classification Settlement Program (VCSP) is designed to increase tax compliance and reduce burden for employers by providing greater certainty for employers, workers and the government. Under the program, eligible employers can obtain substantial relief from federal payroll taxes they may have owed for the past, if they prospectively treat workers as employees. The VCSP is available to many businesses, tax-exempt organizations and government entities that currently erroneously treat their workers or a class or group of workers as nonemployees or independent contractors, and now want to correctly treat these workers as employees.
To be eligible, an applicant must:
• Consistently have treated the workers in the past as nonemployees,
• Have filed all required Forms 1099 for the workers for the previous three years
• Not currently be under audit by the IRS, the Department of Labor or a state agency concerning the classification of these workers
Interested employers can apply for the program by filing Form 8952, Application for Voluntary Classification Settlement Program, at least 60 days before they want to begin treating the workers as employees.
Employers accepted into the program will pay an amount effectively equaling just over one percent of the wages paid to the reclassified workers for the past year. No interest or penalties will be due, and the employers will not be audited on payroll taxes related to these workers for prior years. Participating employers will, for the first three years under the program, be subject to a special six-year statute of limitations, rather than the usual three years that generally applies to payroll taxes.
Full details, including FAQs, are available on the Employment Tax on IRS.gov, and in Announcement 2011-64
Modifying QuickBooks Reports Gives You Better Insight Into Past, Future: Part 1
Posted January 15, 2012 by Stuart Rohatiner, CPA, JDCategories: Uncategorized
Tags: Accounting, Add-ons, Browsers, Clients, Company & Financial, Excel, Google, Intuit, Invoice, PRWEB, QuickBooks, Small Business, Spreadsheets, Uniform Resource Locator, WWW
If you make one resolution about improving your accounting procedures in 2012, it should be this: Make extensive use of the tools that QuickBooks offers for report modification. Comprehensive, meticulously-shaped reports that flow out of your carefully-constructed records and transactions are your reward for pounding on the keys every day, conscientiously recording income and expenses.
QuickBooks supplies you with a wide variety of pre-formatted reports whose modification options can help you do focused, critical analysis of your financial data. The right set of numbers will help you understand your history and plan for the future more effectively.
Note: The reports discussed and pictured here shows only one possible set of customization options. There are many variations. We can answer your questions.
Check your preferences
When you created your company file in QuickBooks, you chose between reporting on a cash (income and expenses are recorded when money changes hands) or accrual (recorded when you invoice or receive a bill) basis. This affects summary reports, but not those that break out individual transactions or are simply lists.
If you want to change this, click Edit | Preferences | Reports & Graphs | Company Preferences and click the desired button:
Figure 1: You can establish a preference for your summary reports’ basis here.
You can set other preferences in this window that will affect your report output here, too, as you can see.
Altering the display
Open the Income by Customer Summary report (Reports | Company & Financial). Change the dates to reflect a range you’d like to see. Want the data displayed by different time increments – like week or quarter – instead of just the total? Click the arrow next to Columns and select Four week.
Figure 2: You can do some report display alterations from this toolbar; the options it offers vary by report.
By default, your report rows display alphabetically. If you want to view a column by total in ascending or descending order, select the column by hovering over the top number until the magnifying glass appears, and click on it. Click the arrow next to Sort by and choose Total, then click the AZ [down arrow] icon (in some reports, there will be other options here).
Additional options in this toolbar let you:
• Memorize the report
• Print, email or export it to Excel
• Hide or Show the Header
• Collapse or Expand the columns
• Refresh the report if you’ve made changes that will alter data
More display options
Click Customize Report to open this window:
Figure 3: This window outlines your report’s content options.
Some of the options here duplicate what you saw in the toolbar. In addition, you can switch between Accrual and Cash for just this report, and add subcolumns in some. The latter is a complicated operation, one that you must understand well in order to glean any insight from it. We can help you with this.
Sometimes the subcolumns are generic, as shown in the screen above. In other reports, they’re very specific to that group of data.
Clicking on Revert takes you back to the default format, and Advanced opens additional options specific to the current report.
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More customization = more insightful results = more informed financial choices
Transaction reports have many similarities and two major differences: You can change the column order by hovering your cursor over the column label until a hand appears. Click, hold and drag the column to the desired spot and let go. You can also add or delete columns by clicking Customize Report and checking or unchecking labels.
Figure 4: In transaction – or detail – reports, you can alter the column structure.
Learn the mechanics of report display modification well, and your company’s finances will come into much sharper focus, improving the wisdom of future choices. Up next month: filtering your reports for additional clarity.
If you have questions on this or any other QuickBooks feature, call or email us. We’re your partner and we’re here to make your business better.
New Credits for Hiring Veterans
Posted January 15, 2012 by Stuart Rohatiner, CPA, JDCategories: 2011 Taxes, Accounting, Corporate Taxes, Professionals, Questions & Answers, Tax
Tags: Employment, November 21 2011, Social Security, Tax, Tax exemption, unemployment, Veteran, WOTC
Congress recently passed legislation that extends and expands the Work Opportunity Credit (WOTC) for hiring unemployed veterans. This effectively gave a one-year lease on life to the WOTC, but only with respect to qualified veterans who begin work for the employer before January 1, 2013. For all other classifications, the credit ended at the close of 2011.
Under the new law, effective for individuals who begin work for the employer after November 21, 2011, a qualified veteran is a veteran who is certified by the designated local agency as falling within one of the following five categories:
• Veteran Who is a Member of a Family Receiving Food Stamps for At Least Three Months – The individual is a member of a family receiving assistance under a food stamp program under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 for at least three months, all or part of which is during the 12-month period ending on the hiring date. The maximum qualifying first-year wage taken into account is $6,000. Thus, the maximum WOTC is $2,400 (.4 x $6,000).
•
• Veteran Entitled to Compensation for a Service-Connected Disability Hired Within First Year after Separation from Service – The individual is entitled to compensation for a service-connected disability, and has a hire date that isn’t more than one year after having been discharged or released from active duty. The maximum qualifying first-year wage taken into account is $12,000. Thus, the maximum WOTC is $4,800 (.4 x $12,000).
•
• Veteran Entitled to Compensation for a Service-Connected Disability with Six Months of Unemployment in the Year Preceding the Hire Date – The individual has aggregate periods of unemployment during the 1-year period ending on the hiring date that equal or exceed six months. The maximum qualifying first-year wage taken into account is $24,000. Thus, the maximum WOTC is $9,600 (.4 x $24,000).
•
• Veteran Has Aggregate Periods of Unemployment Exceeding Four Weeks in the Year Preceding the Hire Date – The individual has aggregate periods of unemployment during the 1-year period ending on the hiring date which equal or exceed four weeks (but less than six months). The maximum qualifying first-year wage taken into account is $6,000. Thus, the maximum WOTC is $2,400 (.4 x $6,000).
•
• Veteran Has Aggregate Periods of Unemployment Exceeding Six Months in the Year Preceding the Hire Date – The individual has aggregate periods of unemployment during the 1-year period ending on the hiring date which equal or exceed six months. The maximum qualifying first-year wage taken into account is $6,000. Thus, the maximum WOTC is $5,600 (.4 x $14,000).
•
Fast-track qualification process for qualified veterans – Effective for individuals who begin work for the employer after November 21, 2011, a veteran will be treated as certified by the designated local agency as having aggregate periods of unemployment meeting the requirements of:
• If he or she is certified by the local agency as being in receipt of unemployment compensation under State or Federal law for not less than six months during the 1-year period ending on the hiring date.
• If he or she is certified by the local agency as being in receipt of unemployment compensation under State or Federal law for not less than four weeks (but less than six months) during the 1-year period ending on the hiring date.
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Tax-exempt employers qualify for the credit – Effective for qualified veterans who begin work for the employer after November 21, 2011, a tax-exempt employer may claim a credit for the WOTC it could claim for hiring qualified veterans if it were not tax-exempt.
Credit Limited to OASDI – The credit is allowed against the OASDI (Social Security) tax that the exempt employer would otherwise have to pay on the wages of all its employees during the one-year period beginning with the day the qualified veteran goes to work for the tax-exempt organization and cannot exceed the OASDI tax for that one year period.
Other limits applicable to tax-exempt employers:
• The general credit percentage of qualifying first-year wages is 26% (instead of 40%).
• The credit percentage of qualifying wages is 16.25% (instead of 25%) for a qualified veteran who has completed at least 120, but less than 400, hours of service for the employer.
• The tax-exempt employer may only take into account wages paid to a qualified veteran for services in furtherance of the activities related to the purposes or function constituting the basis of the organization’s exemption.
If you would like additional information related to the WOTC and hiring unemployed veterans, please give this office a call.
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Are You Required to File 1099s?
Posted January 15, 2012 by Stuart Rohatiner, CPA, JDCategories: 2011 Taxes, Accounting, Questions & Answers, Tax, Tax Calendar
Tags: 2011 taxes, Accounting, Business, internalrevenueservice, IRS, OCR, QuickBook, Tax
If you use independent contractors to perform services for your business and you pay them $600 or more for the year, you are required to issue them a Form 1099 after the end of the year to avoid facing the loss of the deduction for their labor and expenses and to avoid a monetary penalty. The 1099s for 2011 must be provided to the independent contractor no later than January 31, 2012.
Image by afagen via Flickr
In order to avoid a penalty, copies of the 1099s need to be sent to the IRS by February 28. The 1099s must be submitted on magnetic media or on optically scannable forms (OCR forms). This firm prepares 1099s in OCR format for submission to the IRS along with the required 1096 transmittal form. This service provides recipient and file copies for your records. Use the worksheet to provide us with the information we need to prepare your 1099s.
Please attempt to have the information to this office by January 20, so that the 1099s can be provided to the service providers by the January 31 due date.
If you have questions, please call this office.
